While both Vernier calipers and micrometers are designed for precision measurement, they have distinct differences in design and application.
Vernier calipers are more versatile and suitable for measuring various dimensions such as lengths, depths, and diameters. They have a main scale and a sliding Vernier scale. Compared to the main scale alone, the Vernier scale provides greater precision. As a result, Vernier calipers generally offer accuracy up to 0.02mm (0.001 inches).
Micrometers, on the other hand, are specifically used for taking very fine measurements with extremely high accuracy. This makes them ideal for applications that require high precision, and as such they are often used in machining and mechanical engineering. Typically, they take the form of calipers, but feature a calibrated thread or screw on the spindle. This enables precise measurements up to 0.002mm (0.0001 inches).